RADAR TULUNGAGUNG - The rise of the Samudera Pasai Kingdom in northern Sumatra marks a turning point in the early spread of Islam across the Nusantara region. Positioned along the strategic coast of Aceh, the kingdom grew into a major maritime hub that connected...

RADAR TULUNGAGUNG - The history of the Minangkabau Kingdoms continues to shape cultural identity in Indonesia’s West Sumatra, where archaeological discoveries, ancient inscriptions, and oral traditions reveal the rise of powerful inland kingdoms long before European influence reached the region. Historians say the Minangkabau...